{"id":1232,"date":"2021-03-06T15:29:58","date_gmt":"2021-03-06T14:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/?page_id=1232"},"modified":"2021-10-06T10:53:36","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T08:53:36","slug":"mensch-und-artefakt","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/mensch-und-artefakt\/","title":{"rendered":"Man and Artefact"},"content":{"rendered":"

The North Sea and Baltic region is frequently reflected in the archaeological finds as an autonomous and interconnected area of social interaction throughout the ages. From the Stone Age hunters and gatherers to the Germanic cultures of the early Middle Ages, the inhabitants created their own special artefacts, which can be classified in the functional, technological, typological, chronological and cultural categories that form the traditional foundation of all archaeological research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Individual artefacts as well as whole categories of objects thus allow conclusions to be drawn about the people who made and used them. Interdisciplinary methods can be applied to reconstruct individual lives, complex social structures and value systems as aspects of human existence in its historical dimension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Flint\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Gleichzeitig sind Fragestellungen der kognitiven Arch\u00e4ologie relevant, indem die Motive, Ziele und geistigen Hintergr\u00fcnde sowohl einzelner Artefakthersteller als auch ganzer Gesellschaften bearbeitet und die Entwicklung allgemeiner menschlicher Vorstellungswelten und Mentalit\u00e4ten erforscht werden. Die Form bzw. das Aussehen eines Artefaktes ist Produkt bewusster wie auch unbewusster Prozesse. Seine Anfertigung und Gestaltung sind abh\u00e4ngig von vielen Parametern, etwa den intellektuellen, physiologischen und technologischen Kapazit\u00e4ten der Hersteller, wie auch von deren Ressourcen. Doch nur zum Teil bestimmten die Funktionalit\u00e4t oder der pers\u00f6nliche Geschmack des Herstellers die konkrete Formgebung eines Objektes. Vielmehr waren Traditionen und Konventionen, kulturelle und religi\u00f6se Gr\u00fcnde f\u00fcr die Gestaltung von Artefakten und insbesondere f\u00fcr jegliche Art von Verzierung auf ihnen ausschlaggebend. Denn Handwerk und Technologie waren immer vorwiegend kulturell bedingt. Daher eignet sich die Erforschung technologischer Standards auch als Schl\u00fcssel zum Verst\u00e4ndnis einer Gesellschaft allgemein. Es k\u00f6nnen wertvolle Hinweise auf deren F\u00e4higkeiten, M\u00f6glichkeiten, die interne Organisation wie auch auf interkulturelle Beziehungen gewonnen werden, deren Einfl\u00fcsse beispielsweise als technologische oder ikonographische Innovationen im Fundmaterial sichtbar sind.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"brakteat\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Conversely, material culture \u2013 be it in the form of standardised groups of artefacts, characteristic shapes or typical decorations \u2013 has a formative effect on people. Growing up and living in a particular artefact milieu influences those who belong within its sphere; their interaction with these objects creates both an individual and a socio-cultural identity. This is especially true of figurative or ornamental decoration such as the unique and characteristic animal style found in the North and Baltic Sea regions during the first millennium AD. But why did people create, at specific times, only very specific types of object or, as in this case, very specific motifs and styles \u2013 and when, how and why were these norms then further developed or modified? These are the questions that are investigated here. Thus, in the Strategic Research Area \u201cMan and Artefact\u201d, the ZBSA undertakes a diachronic and interdisciplinary examination of the cultural aspects of material communication and the relationship between man and material object.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The following Research Priorities are included in this Strategic Research Area:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Visual History<\/a>
Sacrifice of military equipment<\/a>
Technology \u2013 Tradition and Innovation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laufende Forschungsprojekte des Themenbereichs:<\/h4>\n\n\n