{"id":2275,"date":"2021-03-15T08:42:08","date_gmt":"2021-03-15T07:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/?p=2275"},"modified":"2021-10-18T11:40:40","modified_gmt":"2021-10-18T09:40:40","slug":"fishy-food-crusts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/fishy-food-crusts\/","title":{"rendered":"Fishy food crusts"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2275\" class=\"elementor elementor-2275\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-376e305f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"376e305f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e4d241a\" data-id=\"7e4d241a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-106e8d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"106e8d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Dr. John Meadows<\/strong><\/p><p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2279 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Fig01\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-500x330.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p><p>Carbonised food crusts adhering to pottery are now routinely dated to provide 14C ages for the use of the pottery concerned. Because fish and other aquatic foods are usually depleted in 14C relative to plants and animals in terrestrial food chains, however, such dates can be misleadingly old. This problem must be addressed if we are to develop realistic chronologies for the introduction and spread of pottery across Eurasia (see Dating the spread of pottery among hunter-gatherer-fisher communities in north-eastern Europe project). The challenge is to identify the sources of carbon in food crusts \u2013 or at least, to identify which food crusts are derived mainly from terrestrial foods, and to correct the 14C ages of \u201cfishy\u201d food crusts <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-2280\" src=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2zbsa-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Fig02\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2zbsa-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2zbsa-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2zbsa-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2zbsa.jpg 783w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/> for any aquatic reservoir effects. This project is concerned with gauging the effectiveness of screening methods that might be used to identify the potential for reservoir effects in food crusts. Effective methods must be faster and more economical than 14C dating, and use little or no material; we also need to be able to test previously dated food crusts as well as screening potential samples for future dating. Results so far indicate that the light stable isotopes \u03b413C and \u03b415N are reasonably reliable indicators of the contribution of aquatic foods to the carbon content of a food crust, particularly at coastal sites. At inland sites, potential reservoir effects in food crusts are much greater and more variable, and the differences in \u03b413C and \u03b415N between terrestrial and aquatic foods can be less marked, so a third isotopic system may be required to identify fishy food crusts. There are several methodological challenges (e.g. diagenesis, sample pretreatment, sample inhomogeneity) that require further investigation, in part using modern experimental food crusts.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2281 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/3zbsa-1.jpg\" alt=\"Fig03\" width=\"783\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/3zbsa-1.jpg 783w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/3zbsa-1-300x149.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/3zbsa-1-768x382.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/3zbsa-1-16x8.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 783px) 100vw, 783px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-354b3bc9\" data-id=\"354b3bc9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cf886ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4cf886ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6>Research clusters<\/h6><p>Man and Environment<\/p><div class=\"ms-editor-squiggler\" style=\"color: initial; font: initial; font-feature-settings: initial; font-kerning: initial; font-optical-sizing: initial; font-variation-settings: initial; forced-color-adjust: initial; text-orientation: initial; text-rendering: initial; -webkit-font-smoothing: initial; -webkit-locale: initial; -webkit-text-orientation: initial; -webkit-writing-mode: initial; writing-mode: initial; zoom: initial; place-content: initial; place-items: initial; place-self: initial; alignment-baseline: initial; animation: initial; appearance: initial; aspect-ratio: initial; backdrop-filter: initial; backface-visibility: initial; background: initial; background-blend-mode: initial; baseline-shift: initial; block-size: initial; border-block: initial; border: initial; border-radius: initial; border-collapse: initial; border-end-end-radius: initial; border-end-start-radius: initial; border-inline: initial; border-start-end-radius: initial; border-start-start-radius: initial; inset: initial; box-shadow: initial; box-sizing: initial; break-after: initial; break-before: initial; break-inside: initial; buffered-rendering: initial; caption-side: initial; caret-color: initial; clear: initial; clip: initial; clip-path: initial; clip-rule: initial; color-interpolation: initial; color-interpolation-filters: initial; color-rendering: initial; color-scheme: initial; columns: initial; column-fill: initial; gap: initial; column-rule: initial; column-span: initial; contain: initial; contain-intrinsic-size: initial; content: initial; content-visibility: initial; counter-increment: initial; counter-reset: initial; counter-set: initial; cursor: initial; cx: initial; cy: initial; d: initial; display: block; dominant-baseline: initial; empty-cells: initial; fill: initial; fill-opacity: initial; fill-rule: initial; filter: initial; flex: initial; flex-flow: initial; float: initial; flood-color: initial; flood-opacity: initial; grid: initial; grid-area: initial; height: 0px; hyphens: initial; image-orientation: initial; image-rendering: initial; inline-size: initial; inset-block: initial; inset-inline: initial; isolation: initial; letter-spacing: initial; lighting-color: initial; line-break: initial; list-style: initial; margin-block: initial; margin: initial; margin-inline: initial; marker: initial; mask: initial; mask-type: initial; max-block-size: initial; max-height: initial; max-inline-size: initial; max-width: initial; min-block-size: initial; min-height: initial; min-inline-size: initial; min-width: initial; mix-blend-mode: initial; object-fit: initial; object-position: initial; offset: initial; opacity: initial; order: initial; origin-trial-test-property: initial; orphans: initial; outline: initial; outline-offset: initial; overflow-anchor: initial; overflow-wrap: initial; overflow: initial; overscroll-behavior-block: initial; overscroll-behavior-inline: initial; overscroll-behavior: initial; padding-block: initial; padding: initial; padding-inline: initial; page: initial; page-orientation: initial; paint-order: initial; perspective: initial; perspective-origin: initial; pointer-events: initial; position: initial; quotes: initial; r: initial; resize: initial; ruby-position: initial; rx: initial; ry: initial; scroll-behavior: initial; scroll-margin-block: initial; scroll-margin: initial; scroll-margin-inline: initial; scroll-padding-block: initial; scroll-padding: initial; scroll-padding-inline: initial; scroll-snap-align: initial; scroll-snap-stop: initial; scroll-snap-type: initial; shape-image-threshold: initial; shape-margin: initial; shape-outside: initial; shape-rendering: initial; size: initial; speak: initial; stop-color: initial; stop-opacity: initial; stroke: initial; stroke-dasharray: initial; stroke-dashoffset: initial; stroke-linecap: initial; stroke-linejoin: initial; stroke-miterlimit: initial; stroke-opacity: initial; stroke-width: initial; tab-size: initial; table-layout: initial; text-align: initial; text-align-last: initial; text-anchor: initial; text-combine-upright: initial; text-decoration: initial; text-decoration-skip-ink: initial; text-indent: initial; text-overflow: initial; text-shadow: initial; text-size-adjust: initial; text-transform: initial; text-underline-offset: initial; text-underline-position: initial; touch-action: initial; transform: initial; transform-box: initial; transform-origin: initial; transform-style: initial; transition: initial; user-select: initial; vector-effect: initial; vertical-align: initial; visibility: initial; -webkit-app-region: initial; border-spacing: initial; -webkit-border-image: initial; -webkit-box-align: initial; -webkit-box-decoration-break: initial; -webkit-box-direction: initial; -webkit-box-flex: initial; -webkit-box-ordinal-group: initial; -webkit-box-orient: initial; -webkit-box-pack: initial; -webkit-box-reflect: initial; -webkit-highlight: initial; -webkit-hyphenate-character: initial; -webkit-line-break: initial; -webkit-line-clamp: initial; -webkit-mask-box-image: initial; -webkit-mask: initial; -webkit-mask-composite: initial; -webkit-perspective-origin-x: initial; -webkit-perspective-origin-y: initial; -webkit-print-color-adjust: initial; -webkit-rtl-ordering: initial; -webkit-ruby-position: initial; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: initial; -webkit-text-combine: initial; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: initial; -webkit-text-emphasis: initial; -webkit-text-emphasis-position: initial; -webkit-text-fill-color: initial; -webkit-text-security: initial; -webkit-text-stroke: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-x: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-y: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-z: initial; -webkit-user-drag: initial; -webkit-user-modify: initial; white-space: initial; widows: initial; width: initial; will-change: initial; word-break: initial; word-spacing: initial; x: initial; y: initial; z-index: initial;\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"ms-editor-squiggler\" style=\"color: initial; font: initial; font-feature-settings: initial; font-kerning: initial; font-optical-sizing: initial; font-variation-settings: initial; forced-color-adjust: initial; text-orientation: initial; text-rendering: initial; -webkit-font-smoothing: initial; -webkit-locale: initial; -webkit-text-orientation: initial; -webkit-writing-mode: initial; writing-mode: initial; zoom: initial; place-content: initial; place-items: initial; place-self: initial; alignment-baseline: initial; animation: initial; appearance: initial; aspect-ratio: initial; backdrop-filter: initial; backface-visibility: initial; background: initial; background-blend-mode: initial; baseline-shift: initial; block-size: initial; border-block: initial; border: initial; border-radius: initial; border-collapse: initial; border-end-end-radius: initial; border-end-start-radius: initial; border-inline: initial; border-start-end-radius: initial; border-start-start-radius: initial; inset: initial; box-shadow: initial; box-sizing: initial; break-after: initial; break-before: initial; break-inside: initial; buffered-rendering: initial; caption-side: initial; caret-color: initial; clear: initial; clip: initial; clip-path: initial; clip-rule: initial; color-interpolation: initial; color-interpolation-filters: initial; color-rendering: initial; color-scheme: initial; columns: initial; column-fill: initial; gap: initial; column-rule: initial; column-span: initial; contain: initial; contain-intrinsic-size: initial; content: initial; content-visibility: initial; counter-increment: initial; counter-reset: initial; counter-set: initial; cursor: initial; cx: initial; cy: initial; d: initial; display: block; dominant-baseline: initial; empty-cells: initial; fill: initial; fill-opacity: initial; fill-rule: initial; filter: initial; flex: initial; flex-flow: initial; float: initial; flood-color: initial; flood-opacity: initial; grid: initial; grid-area: initial; height: 0px; hyphens: initial; image-orientation: initial; image-rendering: initial; inline-size: initial; inset-block: initial; inset-inline: initial; isolation: initial; letter-spacing: initial; lighting-color: initial; line-break: initial; list-style: initial; margin-block: initial; margin: initial; margin-inline: initial; marker: initial; mask: initial; mask-type: initial; max-block-size: initial; max-height: initial; max-inline-size: initial; max-width: initial; min-block-size: initial; min-height: initial; min-inline-size: initial; min-width: initial; mix-blend-mode: initial; object-fit: initial; object-position: initial; offset: initial; opacity: initial; order: initial; origin-trial-test-property: initial; orphans: initial; outline: initial; outline-offset: initial; overflow-anchor: initial; overflow-wrap: initial; overflow: initial; overscroll-behavior-block: initial; overscroll-behavior-inline: initial; overscroll-behavior: initial; padding-block: initial; padding: initial; padding-inline: initial; page: initial; page-orientation: initial; paint-order: initial; perspective: initial; perspective-origin: initial; pointer-events: initial; position: initial; quotes: initial; r: initial; resize: initial; ruby-position: initial; rx: initial; ry: initial; scroll-behavior: initial; scroll-margin-block: initial; scroll-margin: initial; scroll-margin-inline: initial; scroll-padding-block: initial; scroll-padding: initial; scroll-padding-inline: initial; scroll-snap-align: initial; scroll-snap-stop: initial; scroll-snap-type: initial; shape-image-threshold: initial; shape-margin: initial; shape-outside: initial; shape-rendering: initial; size: initial; speak: initial; stop-color: initial; stop-opacity: initial; stroke: initial; stroke-dasharray: initial; stroke-dashoffset: initial; stroke-linecap: initial; stroke-linejoin: initial; stroke-miterlimit: initial; stroke-opacity: initial; stroke-width: initial; tab-size: initial; table-layout: initial; text-align: initial; text-align-last: initial; text-anchor: initial; text-combine-upright: initial; text-decoration: initial; text-decoration-skip-ink: initial; text-indent: initial; text-overflow: initial; text-shadow: initial; text-size-adjust: initial; text-transform: initial; text-underline-offset: initial; text-underline-position: initial; touch-action: initial; transform: initial; transform-box: initial; transform-origin: initial; transform-style: initial; transition: initial; user-select: initial; vector-effect: initial; vertical-align: initial; visibility: initial; -webkit-app-region: initial; border-spacing: initial; -webkit-border-image: initial; -webkit-box-align: initial; -webkit-box-decoration-break: initial; -webkit-box-direction: initial; -webkit-box-flex: initial; -webkit-box-ordinal-group: initial; -webkit-box-orient: initial; -webkit-box-pack: initial; -webkit-box-reflect: initial; -webkit-highlight: initial; -webkit-hyphenate-character: initial; -webkit-line-break: initial; -webkit-line-clamp: initial; -webkit-mask-box-image: initial; -webkit-mask: initial; -webkit-mask-composite: initial; -webkit-perspective-origin-x: initial; -webkit-perspective-origin-y: initial; -webkit-print-color-adjust: initial; -webkit-rtl-ordering: initial; -webkit-ruby-position: initial; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: initial; -webkit-text-combine: initial; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: initial; -webkit-text-emphasis: initial; -webkit-text-emphasis-position: initial; -webkit-text-fill-color: initial; -webkit-text-security: initial; -webkit-text-stroke: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-x: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-y: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-z: initial; -webkit-user-drag: initial; -webkit-user-modify: initial; white-space: initial; widows: initial; width: initial; will-change: initial; word-break: initial; word-spacing: initial; x: initial; y: initial; z-index: initial;\">\u00a0<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbf5611 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbf5611\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6>Research Priorities<\/h6><p>Fundamental research in scientific archaeology<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6493dbd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6493dbd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6>Staff<\/h6><p><strong>Chiefs:<\/strong><br \/>Dr. John Meadows<\/p><div class=\"ms-editor-squiggler\" style=\"color: initial; font: initial; font-feature-settings: initial; font-kerning: initial; font-optical-sizing: initial; font-variation-settings: initial; forced-color-adjust: initial; text-orientation: initial; text-rendering: initial; -webkit-font-smoothing: initial; -webkit-locale: initial; -webkit-text-orientation: initial; -webkit-writing-mode: initial; writing-mode: initial; zoom: initial; place-content: initial; place-items: initial; place-self: initial; alignment-baseline: initial; animation: initial; appearance: initial; aspect-ratio: initial; backdrop-filter: initial; backface-visibility: initial; background: initial; background-blend-mode: initial; baseline-shift: initial; block-size: initial; border-block: initial; border: initial; border-radius: initial; border-collapse: initial; border-end-end-radius: initial; border-end-start-radius: initial; border-inline: initial; border-start-end-radius: initial; border-start-start-radius: initial; inset: initial; box-shadow: initial; box-sizing: initial; break-after: initial; break-before: initial; break-inside: initial; buffered-rendering: initial; caption-side: initial; caret-color: initial; clear: initial; clip: initial; clip-path: initial; clip-rule: initial; color-interpolation: initial; color-interpolation-filters: initial; color-rendering: initial; color-scheme: initial; columns: initial; column-fill: initial; gap: initial; column-rule: initial; column-span: initial; contain: initial; contain-intrinsic-size: initial; content: initial; content-visibility: initial; counter-increment: initial; counter-reset: initial; counter-set: initial; cursor: initial; cx: initial; cy: initial; d: initial; display: block; dominant-baseline: initial; empty-cells: initial; fill: initial; fill-opacity: initial; fill-rule: initial; filter: initial; flex: initial; flex-flow: initial; float: initial; flood-color: initial; flood-opacity: initial; grid: initial; grid-area: initial; height: 0px; hyphens: initial; image-orientation: initial; image-rendering: initial; inline-size: initial; inset-block: initial; inset-inline: initial; isolation: initial; letter-spacing: initial; lighting-color: initial; line-break: initial; list-style: initial; margin-block: initial; margin: initial; margin-inline: initial; marker: initial; mask: initial; mask-type: initial; max-block-size: initial; max-height: initial; max-inline-size: initial; max-width: initial; min-block-size: initial; min-height: initial; min-inline-size: initial; min-width: initial; mix-blend-mode: initial; object-fit: initial; object-position: initial; offset: initial; opacity: initial; order: initial; origin-trial-test-property: initial; orphans: initial; outline: initial; outline-offset: initial; overflow-anchor: initial; overflow-wrap: initial; overflow: initial; overscroll-behavior-block: initial; overscroll-behavior-inline: initial; overscroll-behavior: initial; padding-block: initial; padding: initial; padding-inline: initial; page: initial; page-orientation: initial; paint-order: initial; perspective: initial; perspective-origin: initial; pointer-events: initial; position: initial; quotes: initial; r: initial; resize: initial; ruby-position: initial; rx: initial; ry: initial; scroll-behavior: initial; scroll-margin-block: initial; scroll-margin: initial; scroll-margin-inline: initial; scroll-padding-block: initial; scroll-padding: initial; scroll-padding-inline: initial; scroll-snap-align: initial; scroll-snap-stop: initial; scroll-snap-type: initial; shape-image-threshold: initial; shape-margin: initial; shape-outside: initial; shape-rendering: initial; size: initial; speak: initial; stop-color: initial; stop-opacity: initial; stroke: initial; stroke-dasharray: initial; stroke-dashoffset: initial; stroke-linecap: initial; stroke-linejoin: initial; stroke-miterlimit: initial; stroke-opacity: initial; stroke-width: initial; tab-size: initial; table-layout: initial; text-align: initial; text-align-last: initial; text-anchor: initial; text-combine-upright: initial; text-decoration: initial; text-decoration-skip-ink: initial; text-indent: initial; text-overflow: initial; text-shadow: initial; text-size-adjust: initial; text-transform: initial; text-underline-offset: initial; text-underline-position: initial; touch-action: initial; transform: initial; transform-box: initial; transform-origin: initial; transform-style: initial; transition: initial; user-select: initial; vector-effect: initial; vertical-align: initial; visibility: initial; -webkit-app-region: initial; border-spacing: initial; -webkit-border-image: initial; -webkit-box-align: initial; -webkit-box-decoration-break: initial; -webkit-box-direction: initial; -webkit-box-flex: initial; -webkit-box-ordinal-group: initial; -webkit-box-orient: initial; -webkit-box-pack: initial; -webkit-box-reflect: initial; -webkit-highlight: initial; -webkit-hyphenate-character: initial; -webkit-line-break: initial; -webkit-line-clamp: initial; -webkit-mask-box-image: initial; -webkit-mask: initial; -webkit-mask-composite: initial; -webkit-perspective-origin-x: initial; -webkit-perspective-origin-y: initial; -webkit-print-color-adjust: initial; -webkit-rtl-ordering: initial; -webkit-ruby-position: initial; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: initial; -webkit-text-combine: initial; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: initial; -webkit-text-emphasis: initial; -webkit-text-emphasis-position: initial; -webkit-text-fill-color: initial; -webkit-text-security: initial; -webkit-text-stroke: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-x: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-y: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-z: initial; -webkit-user-drag: initial; -webkit-user-modify: initial; white-space: initial; widows: initial; width: initial; will-change: initial; word-break: initial; word-spacing: initial; x: initial; y: initial; z-index: initial;\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"ms-editor-squiggler\" style=\"color: initial; font: initial; font-feature-settings: initial; font-kerning: initial; font-optical-sizing: initial; font-variation-settings: initial; forced-color-adjust: initial; text-orientation: initial; text-rendering: initial; -webkit-font-smoothing: initial; -webkit-locale: initial; -webkit-text-orientation: initial; -webkit-writing-mode: initial; writing-mode: initial; zoom: initial; place-content: initial; place-items: initial; place-self: initial; alignment-baseline: initial; animation: initial; appearance: initial; aspect-ratio: initial; backdrop-filter: initial; backface-visibility: initial; background: initial; background-blend-mode: initial; baseline-shift: initial; block-size: initial; border-block: initial; border: initial; border-radius: initial; border-collapse: initial; border-end-end-radius: initial; border-end-start-radius: initial; border-inline: initial; border-start-end-radius: initial; border-start-start-radius: initial; inset: initial; box-shadow: initial; box-sizing: initial; break-after: initial; break-before: initial; break-inside: initial; buffered-rendering: initial; caption-side: initial; caret-color: initial; 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-webkit-ruby-position: initial; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: initial; -webkit-text-combine: initial; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: initial; -webkit-text-emphasis: initial; -webkit-text-emphasis-position: initial; -webkit-text-fill-color: initial; -webkit-text-security: initial; -webkit-text-stroke: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-x: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-y: initial; -webkit-transform-origin-z: initial; -webkit-user-drag: initial; -webkit-user-modify: initial; white-space: initial; widows: initial; width: initial; will-change: initial; word-break: initial; word-spacing: initial; x: initial; y: initial; z-index: initial;\">\u00a0<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-addf542 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"addf542\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6>In cooperation with<\/h6>\n<p>Carl Heron, Bradford University; Bente Philippsen, Aarhus University, Henny Piezonka, CAU Kiel; Aikaterini Glykou, Stockholm, S\u00f6nke Hartz, MfA, Schleswig Holstein<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. John Meadows Carbonised food crusts adhering to pottery are now routinely dated to provide 14C ages for the use of the pottery concerned. Because fish and other aquatic foods are usually depleted in 14C relative to plants and animals in terrestrial food chains, however, such dates can be misleadingly old. This problem must be addressed if we are to develop realistic chronologies for the introduction and spread of pottery across Eurasia (see Dating the spread of pottery among hunter-gatherer-fisher communities in north-eastern Europe project). The challenge is to identify the sources of carbon in food crusts \u2013 or at least, to identify which food crusts are derived mainly from terrestrial foods, and to correct the 14C ages of \u201cfishy\u201d food crusts for any aquatic reservoir effects. This project is concerned with gauging the effectiveness of screening methods that might be used to identify the potential for reservoir effects in food crusts. Effective methods must be faster and more economical than 14C dating, and use little or no material; we also need to be able to test previously dated food crusts as well as screening potential samples for future dating. Results so far indicate that the light stable isotopes \u03b413C and \u03b415N are reasonably reliable indicators of the contribution of aquatic foods to the carbon content of a food crust, particularly at coastal sites. At inland sites, potential reservoir effects in food crusts are much greater and more variable, and the differences in \u03b413C and \u03b415N between terrestrial and aquatic foods can be less marked, so a third isotopic system may be required to identify fishy food crusts. There are several methodological challenges (e.g. diagenesis, sample pretreatment, sample inhomogeneity) that require further investigation, in part using modern experimental food crusts. Themenbereiche Mensch und Umwelt \u00a0\u00a0 Forschungsschwerpunkte Grundlagenforschungen in der naturwissenschaftlichen Arch\u00e4ologie Mitarbeiter Leitung:Dr. John Meadows \u00a0\u00a0 In Kooperation mit Carl Heron, Bradford University; Bente Philippsen, Aarhus University, Henny Piezonka, CAU Kiel; Aikaterini Glykou, Stockholm, S\u00f6nke Hartz, MfA, Schleswig Holstein<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[59],"class_list":["post-2275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mensch-und-umwelt","tag-grundlagen"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fishy food crusts - Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie (ZBSA) \u2014 Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/fishy-food-crusts\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fishy food crusts - Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie (ZBSA) \u2014 Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dr. John Meadows Carbonised food crusts adhering to pottery are now routinely dated to provide 14C ages for the use of the pottery concerned. Because fish and other aquatic foods are usually depleted in 14C relative to plants and animals in terrestrial food chains, however, such dates can be misleadingly old. This problem must be addressed if we are to develop realistic chronologies for the introduction and spread of pottery across Eurasia (see Dating the spread of pottery among hunter-gatherer-fisher communities in north-eastern Europe project). The challenge is to identify the sources of carbon in food crusts \u2013 or at least, to identify which food crusts are derived mainly from terrestrial foods, and to correct the 14C ages of \u201cfishy\u201d food crusts for any aquatic reservoir effects. This project is concerned with gauging the effectiveness of screening methods that might be used to identify the potential for reservoir effects in food crusts. Effective methods must be faster and more economical than 14C dating, and use little or no material; we also need to be able to test previously dated food crusts as well as screening potential samples for future dating. Results so far indicate that the light stable isotopes \u03b413C and \u03b415N are reasonably reliable indicators of the contribution of aquatic foods to the carbon content of a food crust, particularly at coastal sites. At inland sites, potential reservoir effects in food crusts are much greater and more variable, and the differences in \u03b413C and \u03b415N between terrestrial and aquatic foods can be less marked, so a third isotopic system may be required to identify fishy food crusts. There are several methodological challenges (e.g. diagenesis, sample pretreatment, sample inhomogeneity) that require further investigation, in part using modern experimental food crusts. Themenbereiche Mensch und Umwelt \u00a0\u00a0 Forschungsschwerpunkte Grundlagenforschungen in der naturwissenschaftlichen Arch\u00e4ologie Mitarbeiter Leitung:Dr. John Meadows \u00a0\u00a0 In Kooperation mit Carl Heron, Bradford University; Bente Philippsen, Aarhus University, Henny Piezonka, CAU Kiel; Aikaterini Glykou, Stockholm, S\u00f6nke Hartz, MfA, Schleswig Holstein\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/fishy-food-crusts\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie (ZBSA) \u2014 Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-03-15T07:42:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-10-18T09:40:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-300x199.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matthias Bolte\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matthias Bolte\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/\",\"name\":\"Fishy food crusts - 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Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie (ZBSA) \u2014 Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/fishy-food-crusts\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Fishy food crusts - Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie (ZBSA) \u2014 Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie","og_description":"Dr. John Meadows Carbonised food crusts adhering to pottery are now routinely dated to provide 14C ages for the use of the pottery concerned. Because fish and other aquatic foods are usually depleted in 14C relative to plants and animals in terrestrial food chains, however, such dates can be misleadingly old. This problem must be addressed if we are to develop realistic chronologies for the introduction and spread of pottery across Eurasia (see Dating the spread of pottery among hunter-gatherer-fisher communities in north-eastern Europe project). The challenge is to identify the sources of carbon in food crusts \u2013 or at least, to identify which food crusts are derived mainly from terrestrial foods, and to correct the 14C ages of \u201cfishy\u201d food crusts for any aquatic reservoir effects. This project is concerned with gauging the effectiveness of screening methods that might be used to identify the potential for reservoir effects in food crusts. Effective methods must be faster and more economical than 14C dating, and use little or no material; we also need to be able to test previously dated food crusts as well as screening potential samples for future dating. Results so far indicate that the light stable isotopes \u03b413C and \u03b415N are reasonably reliable indicators of the contribution of aquatic foods to the carbon content of a food crust, particularly at coastal sites. At inland sites, potential reservoir effects in food crusts are much greater and more variable, and the differences in \u03b413C and \u03b415N between terrestrial and aquatic foods can be less marked, so a third isotopic system may be required to identify fishy food crusts. There are several methodological challenges (e.g. diagenesis, sample pretreatment, sample inhomogeneity) that require further investigation, in part using modern experimental food crusts. Themenbereiche Mensch und Umwelt \u00a0\u00a0 Forschungsschwerpunkte Grundlagenforschungen in der naturwissenschaftlichen Arch\u00e4ologie Mitarbeiter Leitung:Dr. John Meadows \u00a0\u00a0 In Kooperation mit Carl Heron, Bradford University; Bente Philippsen, Aarhus University, Henny Piezonka, CAU Kiel; Aikaterini Glykou, Stockholm, S\u00f6nke Hartz, MfA, Schleswig Holstein","og_url":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/fishy-food-crusts\/","og_site_name":"Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie (ZBSA) \u2014 Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie","article_published_time":"2021-03-15T07:42:08+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-10-18T09:40:40+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-300x199.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Matthias Bolte","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Matthias Bolte","Estimated reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/","url":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/","name":"Fishy food crusts - Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie (ZBSA) \u2014 Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-300x199.jpg","datePublished":"2021-03-15T07:42:08+00:00","dateModified":"2021-10-18T09:40:40+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/#\/schema\/person\/b980623b66a6ffb097697286521920c5"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-300x199.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-300x199.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/fishy-food-crusts\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Startseite","item":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Themenbereiche","item":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/category\/themenbereiche\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Mensch und Umwelt","item":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/category\/themenbereiche\/mensch-und-umwelt\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Fishy food crusts"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/","name":"Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie (ZBSA) \u2014 Zentrum f\u00fcr Baltische und Skandinavische Arch\u00e4ologie","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/#\/schema\/person\/b980623b66a6ffb097697286521920c5","name":"Matthias Bolte","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1f3bc1bfe4b641855cb944e558d4f3de1b57120f6dfe8f4368ebfe0384a5acab?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1f3bc1bfe4b641855cb944e558d4f3de1b57120f6dfe8f4368ebfe0384a5acab?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Matthias Bolte"},"url":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/author\/matthias-bolte\/"}]}},"featured_image_src":" ","featured_image_src_square":" ","author_info":{"display_name":"Matthias Bolte","author_link":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/author\/matthias-bolte\/"},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/category\/themenbereiche\/mensch-und-umwelt\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Mensch und Umwelt<\/a>","tags_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/tag\/grundlagen\/\" rel=\"tag\">Grundlagenforschungen in der naturwissenschaftlichen Arch\u00e4ologie<\/a>","social_share_info":"<a data-share=\"facebook\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/fishy-food-crusts\/\" class=\"pl-facebook-share social-share-default pl-social-share\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-facebook-f\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a data-share=\"twitter\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/fishy-food-crusts\/\" class=\"pl-twiiter-share social-share-default pl-social-share\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-twitter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a data-share=\"linkedin\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?url=https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/fishy-food-crusts\/\" class=\"pl-linkedin-share social-share-default pl-social-share\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-linkedin-in\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a>","wordExcerpt_info":"<p><strong>Dr. John Meadows<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1zbsa-1-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"Fig01\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Carbonised food crusts adhering to pottery are now routinely dated to provide 14C ages for the use of the pottery concerned. Because fish and other aquatic foods are usually depleted in 14C relative to plants and animals in terrestrial food chains, however, such dates can be misleadingly old. This problem must be addressed if we are to develop realistic chronologies for the introduction and spread of pottery across Eurasia (see Dating the spread of pottery among hunter-gatherer-fisher communities in north-eastern Europe project). The challenge is to identify the sources of carbon in food crusts \u2013 or at least, to identify which food crusts are derived mainly from terrestrial foods, and to correct the 14C ages of \u201cfishy\u201d food crusts <img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2zbsa-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Fig02\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/> for any aquatic reservoir effects. This project is concerned with gauging the effectiveness of screening methods that might be used to identify the potential for reservoir effects in food crusts. Effective methods must be faster and more economical than 14C dating, and use little or no material; we also need to be able to test previously dated food crusts as well as screening potential samples for future dating. Results so far indicate that the light stable isotopes \u03b413C and \u03b415N are reasonably reliable indicators of the contribution of aquatic foods to the carbon content of a food crust, particularly at coastal sites. At inland sites, potential reservoir effects in food crusts are much greater and more variable, and the differences in \u03b413C and \u03b415N between terrestrial and aquatic foods can be less marked, so a third isotopic system may be required to identify fishy food crusts. There are several methodological challenges (e.g. diagenesis, sample pretreatment, sample inhomogeneity) that require further investigation, in part using modern experimental food crusts.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/3zbsa-1.jpg\" alt=\"Fig03\" width=\"783\" height=\"389\" \/><\/p>\n<h6>Themenbereiche<\/h6>\n<p>Mensch und Umwelt<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<h6>Forschungsschwerpunkte<\/h6>\n<p>Grundlagenforschungen in der naturwissenschaftlichen Arch\u00e4ologie<\/p>\n<h6>Mitarbeiter<\/h6>\n<p><strong>Leitung:<\/strong><br \/>Dr. John Meadows<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<h6>In Kooperation mit<\/h6>\n<p>Carl Heron, Bradford University; Bente Philippsen, Aarhus University, Henny Piezonka, CAU Kiel; Aikaterini Glykou, Stockholm, S\u00f6nke Hartz, MfA, Schleswig Holstein<\/p>\n","comment_info":"No Comments","acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2275"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2275\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8170,"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2275\/revisions\/8170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zbsa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}